{"id":38,"date":"2023-04-12T10:55:09","date_gmt":"2023-04-12T14:55:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.bu.edu\/litzlab\/?page_id=38"},"modified":"2025-09-15T12:22:34","modified_gmt":"2025-09-15T16:22:34","slug":"publications","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.bu.edu\/litzlab\/publications\/","title":{"rendered":"Featured Publications"},"content":{"rendered":"

Additional publications can be found on Dr. Litz\u2019s Google Scholar profile.<\/a><\/p>\n

Psychotherapies for Loss, Moral Injury, and PTSD<\/em><\/h3>\n
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Walker, H. E., O\u2019Donnell, K. P., & Litz, B. T. (2024). Past, present, and future of cognitive behavioral-based psychotherapies for moral injury. <\/span>Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry<\/i>,\u00a0<\/span>11<\/i>(4), 288-299. View PDF<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

Litz, B. T., Yeterian, J., Berke, D., Lang, A. J., Gray, M. J., Nienow, T., Frankfurt, S., Harris, J. I., Maguen, S. & Rusowicz-Orazem, L. (2024). A controlled trial of adaptive disclosure\u2013enhanced to improve functioning and treat posttraumatic stress disorder.\u00a0Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology<\/em>,\u00a092<\/em>(3), 150. View PDF<\/a><\/p>\n

Darnell, B. C., Vannini, M. B. N., Grunthal, B., Benfer, N., & Litz, B. T. (2022). Adaptive disclosure: Theoretical foundations, evidence, and future directions.\u00a0<\/span>Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry<\/i>,\u00a0<\/span>9<\/i>(3), 85-100. View PDF<\/a> <\/span><\/p>\n

Litz, B. T., Rusowicz-Orazem, L., Doros, G., Grunthal, B., Gray, M., Nash, W., & Lang, A. J. (2021). Adaptive disclosure, a combat-specific PTSD treatment, versus cognitive-processing therapy, in deployed marines and sailors: A randomized controlled non-inferiority trial. Psychiatry <\/i>R<\/em>esearch<\/i>,\u00a0297<\/i>, 113761. View PDF<\/a><\/p>\n

Litz, B., & Carney, J. R. (2018). Employing loving-kindness meditation to promote self-and other-compassion among war veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. Spirituality in Clinical Practice<\/em>,\u00a05<\/em>(3), 201. View PDF<\/a><\/p>\n

Yeterian, J. D., Berke, D. S., & Litz, B.T. (2017). Psychosocial rehabilitation after war trauma with adaptive disclosure: Design and rationale of a comparative efficacy trial. Contemporary Clinical Trials<\/em>, 61<\/em>, 10-15. View PDF<\/a><\/p>\n

Litz, B. T., Lebowitz, L., Gray, M., & Nash, W. (2017). Adaptive Disclosure: A New Treatment for Military Trauma, Loss, and Moral Injury.<\/em> Guilford Press. Access Options<\/a><\/p>\n

Litz, B. T., Schorr, Y., Delaney, E., Au, T., Papa, A., Fox, A. B., Morris, S., Nickerson, A., Block, S., & Prigerson, H. G. (2014). A randomized controlled trial of an internet-based therapist-assisted indicated preventive intervention for prolonged grief disorder. Behaviour Research and Therapy<\/em>, 61<\/em>, 23\u201334. View PDF<\/a><\/p>\n

Litz, B. T., Salters-Pedneault, K., Steenkamp, M. M., Hermos, J. A., Bryant, R. A., Otto, M. W., & Hofmann, S. G. (2012). A randomized placebo-controlled trial of D-cycloserine and exposure therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Psychiatric Research<\/em>, 46<\/em>, 1184-1190. View PDF<\/a><\/p>\n

Adler, A. B., Litz, B. T., Castro, C. A., Suvak, M., Thomas, J. L. Burrell, L., McGurk, D., Wright, K. W., & Bliese, P. B. (2008). A group randomized trial of critical incident stress debriefing provided to U.S. peacekeepers. Journal of Traumatic Stress<\/em>, 21<\/em>(3), 253-263. View PDF<\/a><\/p>\n

Litz, B. T., Engel, C. C., Bryant, R., & Papa, A. (2007). A randomized controlled proof of concept trial of an internet-based therapist-assisted self-management treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder.\u00a0American Journal of Psychiatry<\/em>, 164<\/em>, 1676-1683. View PDF<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Moral Injury<\/em><\/h3>\n
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Litz, B. T., Walker, H. E., Pietrzak, R. H., & Rusowicz-Orazem, L. (2025). The prevalence of moral distress and moral injury among US Veterans. Journal of Psychiatric Research<\/em>, 189<\/em>, 435-444. View PDF<\/a><\/p>\n

Litz, B. T. (2025).\u00a0Moral injury: State of the science. Journal of Traumatic Stress<\/em>, 38<\/em>(2), 187-199.<\/span>\u00a0<\/em>View PDF<\/a><\/p>\n

Litz, B. T., & Walker, H. E. (2025). Moral injury: An overview of conceptual, definitional, assessment, and treatment issues. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology<\/em>, 21<\/em>. View PDF<\/a><\/p>\n

Litz, B. T. (2023). The future of moral injury and its treatment. Journal of Military, Veteran and Family Health<\/em>, 9<\/em>(2), 1\u20135. View PDF<\/a><\/p>\n

Benfer, N., Vannini, M. B. N., Grunthal, B., Darnell, B. C., Zerach, G., Levi-Belz, Y., & Litz, B. T. (2023). Moral injury symptoms and related problems among service members and Veterans: A network analysis. Journal of Military, Veteran and Family Health<\/em>, 9<\/em>(2), 52\u201371. View PDF<\/a><\/p>\n

Litz, B. T., Plouffe, R. A., Nazarov, A., Murphy, D., Phelps, A., Coady, A., Houle, S. A., Dell, L., Frankfurt, S., Zerach, G., Levi-Belz, Y., & the Moral Injury Outcome Scale Consortium. (2022). Defining and assessing the syndrome of moral injury: Initial findings of the Moral Injury Outcome Scale Consortium. Frontiers in Psychiatry<\/i>,\u00a0<\/span>13<\/i>, 1-13. View PDF<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

Yeterian, J.D., Berke, D.S., Carney, J.R., McIntyre-Smith, A., St. Cyr, C., King, L., Kline, N.K., Phelps, A., and Litz, B.T. (2019). Defining and measuring moral injury: Rationale, design, and preliminary findings from the Moral Injury Outcome Scale Consortium. Journal of Traumatic Stress<\/em>, 32<\/em>(3), 363-372. View PDF<\/a><\/p>\n

Litz, B. T., & Kerig, P. K. (2019). Introduction to the special issue on moral injury: Conceptual challenges, methodological issues, and clinical applications.\u00a0<\/span>Journal of Traumatic Stress<\/i>,\u00a0<\/span>32<\/i>(3), 341-349. <\/span>View PDF<\/a><\/p>\n

Schorr, Y., Stein, N. R., Maguen, S., Barnes, J. B., Bosch, J., & Litz, B. T. (2018). Sources of moral injury among war veterans: A qualitative evaluation.\u00a0Journal of Clinical Psychology<\/i>,\u00a0<\/span>74<\/em>(12), 2203-2218. View PDF<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

Gray, M. J., Nash, W. P., & Litz, B. T. (2017). When self-blame is rational and appropriate: The limited utility of Socratic questioning in the context of moral injury: Commentary on Wachen et al.(2016).\u00a0Cognitive and Behavioral Practice<\/i>,\u00a0<\/span>24<\/i>(4), 383-387. View PDF<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

Wortmann, J. H., Eisen, E., Hundert, C., Jordan, A. H., Smith, M. W., Nash, W. P., & Litz, B. T. (2017). Spiritual features of war-related moral injury: A primer for clinicians. Spirituality in Clinical Practice<\/i>, <\/span>4<\/i>(4), 249. <\/span>View PDF<\/a><\/p>\n

Nash, W. P., Marino Carper, T. L., Mills, M. A., Au, T., Goldsmith, A., & Litz, B. T. (2013). Psychometric evaluation of the moral injury events scale.\u00a0Military Medicine<\/i>,\u00a0<\/span>178<\/i>(6), 646-652. View PDF<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

Nash, W. P., & Litz, B. T. (2013). Moral injury: A mechanism for war-related psychological trauma in military family members.\u00a0Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review<\/i>,\u00a0<\/span>16<\/i>, 365-375. View PDF<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

Drescher, K. D., Foy, D. W., Kelly, C., Leshner, A., Schutz, K., & Litz, B. (2011). An exploration of the viability and usefulness of the construct of moral injury in war veterans.\u00a0Traumatology<\/i>,\u00a0<\/span>17<\/i>(1), 8-13. View PDF<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

Litz, B. T., Stein, N., Delaney, E., Lebowitz, L., Nash, W. P., Silva, C., & Maguen, S. (2009). Moral injury and moral repair in war veterans: A preliminary model and intervention strategy.\u00a0Clinical Psychology Review<\/i>,\u00a0<\/span>29<\/i>(8), 695-706. View PDF<\/a>
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Measurement-Based Care and Practice-Based Advances in the Study of PTSD<\/em><\/h3>\n
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Darnell, B. C., Benfer, N., Vannini, M. B. N., Grunthal, B., Rusowicz-Orazem, L., Fielstein, E., & Litz, B. T. (2024). Expected symptom change trajectories for the early identification of probable treatment nonresponse in VA PTSD specialty care clinics: A proof-of-concept. Psychological Services<\/i>. View PDF<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

Benfer, N., Rusowicz-Orazem, L., Fielstein, E. M., Darnell, B. C., Frankfurt, S. B., Mignogna, J., & Litz, B. T. (2023). Leveraging available metadata in VA PTSD clinics and generating benchmarks for clinically significant change. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology<\/em>, 91<\/em>(5), 267-279.\u00a0View PDF<\/a><\/p>\n

Litz, B. T. (2023). It is time to flip the script and leverage the point of care to discover ways of improving treatment outcomes for posttraumatic stress disorder: Commentary on \u201cA sobering look at treatment effectiveness of military-related posttraumatic stress disorder\u201d(Levi et al., 2021). Clinical Psychological Science<\/i>, 11<\/em>(2), 381-387. View PDF<\/a>
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Critical Reviews in Traumatic Stress<\/em><\/h3>\n
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Steenkamp, M., Litz, B. T., & Marmar, C. (2020). First-line psychotherapies for military-related PTSD. Journal of the American Medical Association<\/em>, 323<\/em>(7), 656-657. View PDF<\/a><\/p>\n

Litz, B. T., Berke, D. S., Kline, N., Grimm, K., Resick, P. A., Foa, E. B., Wachen, J. S., McLean, C. P., Dondanville, K. A., Borah, A. M., Roache, J. D., Young-McCaughan, S., Yarvis, J. S., Mintz, J., & Peterson, A. L. (2019). Patterns and predictors of change in trauma-focused treatments for war-related posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology<\/em>, 87<\/em>(11), 1019-1029. View PDF<\/a><\/p>\n

Steenkamp, M. M., Litz, B. T., Hoge, C. W., & Marmar, C. R. (2015). Psychotherapy for military-related PTSD: A review of randomized clinical trials. Journal of the American Medical Association<\/em>, 314<\/em>, 489-500. View PDF<\/a><\/p>\n

Litz, B. T. (2014). Clinical heuristics and strategies for service members and veterans with war-related PTSD. Psychoanalytic Psychology<\/em>, 31<\/em>(2), 192-205. View PDF<\/a><\/p>\n

Litz, B. T. (2014). Resilience in the aftermath of war trauma: A critical review and commentary. Interface Focus<\/em>, 4<\/em>(5), 20140008. View PDF<\/a><\/p>\n

Steenkamp, M. M., & Litz, B. T. (2013). Psychotherapy for military-related posttraumatic stress disorder: Review of the evidence. Clinical Psychology Review<\/em>, 33<\/em>, 45\u201353. View PDF<\/a><\/p>\n

Steenkamp, M. M., Nash, W. P., & Litz, B. T. (2013). Posttraumatic stress disorder prevention in troops: Review of the comprehensive soldier fitness program. American Journal of Preventive Medicine<\/em>, 44<\/em>, 507\u2013512. View PDF<\/a><\/p>\n

Neria, Y., & Litz, B. T. (2004). Bereavement by traumatic means: The complex synergy of trauma and grief. Journal of Loss and Trauma<\/em>, 9<\/em>, 73-87. View PDF<\/a><\/p>\n

Litz, B. T., Gray, M. J., Bryant, R., & Adler, A. B. (2002). Early intervention for trauma: Current status and future directions. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice<\/em>, 9<\/em>, 112-134. View PDF<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Additional publications can be found on Dr. Litz\u2019s Google Scholar profile. Psychotherapies for Loss, Moral Injury, and PTSD Walker, H. E., O\u2019Donnell, K. P., & Litz, B. T. (2024). Past, present, and future of cognitive behavioral-based psychotherapies for moral injury. Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry,\u00a011(4), 288-299. View PDF Litz, B. T., Yeterian, J., Berke, D., […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":22334,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.bu.edu\/litzlab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/38"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.bu.edu\/litzlab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.bu.edu\/litzlab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.bu.edu\/litzlab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/22334"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.bu.edu\/litzlab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38"}],"version-history":[{"count":50,"href":"https:\/\/sites.bu.edu\/litzlab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/38\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":627,"href":"https:\/\/sites.bu.edu\/litzlab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/38\/revisions\/627"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.bu.edu\/litzlab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}